veículo de difusão de informações em análise de marcha, reabilitação e biomecânica, captura de movimento para produções industriais
clinical gait analysis, rehabilitation and biomechanics, industrial "motion capture" (MoCap)
Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) - Osteoartrite de Joelho
Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA)
Initial Training Network in Knee Osteoarthritis Research
(KNEEMO) - EU
Initial Training Network (ITN) for Knee Osteoarthritis
"KNEEMO is the Initial Training Network (ITN) for knee osteoarthritis research funded through the European Commission’s Framework 7 Programme. It includes 15 research fellows employed at eight different host institutions.
The KNEEMO training programme combines existing best practices from consortium members and is designed to equip researchers with skills and knowledge specific to the research field, generic research skills, and complementary training."
The Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) - USA
The Osteoarthritis Initiative- a multi-center observational study of men and women
"The OAI is a nationwide research study, sponsored by the National Institutes of Health (part of the Department of Health & Human Services), that will help us better understand how to prevent and treat knee osteoarthritis, one of the most common causes of disability in adults.
OAIOnline is the name for this website, which provides access to the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) study documentation and data."
Altered Gait Characteristics in Individuals With Knee Osteoarthritis and
Self-Reported Knee Instability
"STUDY DESIGN:
Experimental laboratory study.
OBJECTIVE:
To characterize the differences in lower extremity gait biomechanics in individuals who have knee osteoarthritis (OA) with and without self-reported knee instability.
BACKGROUND:
Individuals with knee OA who experience episodes of knee instability often report gait difficulties that interfere with their daily lives. A better understanding of the alterations in gait biomechanics may help to mitigate symptomatic knee instability in this patient population."
"Gait adaptations in people with severe knee osteoarthritis (OA) have been well documented, with increased knee adduction moments (KAM) the most commonly reported parameter. Neuromuscular adaptations have also been reported, including reduced postural control. However these adaptations may be the result of morphological changes in the joint, rather than the cause. This study aimed to determine if people with early OA have altered gait parameters and neuromuscular adaptations."
"OBJECTIVE:
demonstrate the presence and magnitude of biomechanical variables during gait in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis (OA) and the relationship with the knee loading.
METHODS:
Gait of 21 subjects diagnosed with medial knee OA was evaluated and compared to the control group.
RESULTS:
The group with OA showed: Lower gait speed (0.8 ± 0.1 vs. 1.1 ± 0.1m/s), higher peak early (2.6 ± 1.2 vs. 0.3 ± 1.4 Nm/Kg) and late peak of the adduction moment (1.8 ± 0.7 vs. 0.9 ± 0.2 Nm/Kg), higher peak flexor moment (1.6 ± 0.9 vs. 0.6 ± 0.4 Nm/Kg), high dynamic peak varus (11.5º ± 8.3 vs. 3º ± 3.9), higher peak flexion (15.6º ± 8 vs. 9.3º to ± 4.1), with a flexion tendency (5.5º ± 8.5) in the stance phase, smaller peak of flexion (58.7º ± 13.3 vs. 67.5º ± 4.8) in the balance phase and higher peaks of external rotation (25.5º ± 12.7 vs. 0.5º ± 22.4).
CONCLUSION:
Patients with medial knee OA show changes in gait with increased external rotation, speed reduction, increased flexor moment and flexion in the stance phase, insufficient for reduction of the load. Level of Evidence III, Case Control Study."
Biomechanics of Gait and Physical Function in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis - Thigh Muscle Properties and Joint Loading Assessment
Tuomas Liikavainio
Publications of the University of Eastern Finland
Dissertations in Health Sciences
Clinical and Biomechanical Evaluations of Staged Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty Patients with Two Different Implant Designs
"BACKGROUND:
Various implants of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are used in clinical practice and each presents specific design characteristics. No implant managed this day to reproduce perfectly the biomechanics of the natural knee during gait. Objectives: We therefore asked whether (1) differences in tridimensional (3D) kinematic data during gait could be observed in two different designs of TKA on the same patients, (2) if those gait kinematic data are comparable with those of asymptomatic knees and (3) if difference in clinical subjective scores can be observed between the two TKA designs on the same patient."
Differences in gait parameters between healthy subjects and persons with moderate and
severe knee osteoarthritis: A result of altered walking speed?
"While knee osteoarthritis has been shown to affect a multitude of kinematic, kinetic and temporo-spatial gait parameters, few investigations have examined the effect of increasing levels of radiographic osteoarthritis severity on these gait parameters. Fewer still have investigated the effect of walking speed on gait variables in persons with knee osteoarthritis. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of walking speed on biomechanical variables associated with joint loading in persons with varying severities of medial compartment knee osteoarthritis."
Effect of foot rotation on knee kinetics and hamstring activation in older adults with and
without signs of knee osteoarthritis
"BACKGROUND:
To determine the effects of changing the natural foot progression angle during gait (internal and external foot rotation) on the knee's adduction moment, lateral–medial shear force, and the ratio of medial–lateral hamstring muscle activation in those with signs of knee osteoarthritis and a matched healthy control group.
METHODS:
Twelve subjects with signs of knee osteoarthritis and 12 matched healthy control subjects were evaluated. A 3D gait analysis system calculated forces and moments at the knee while the subjects walked in three conditions: (1) normal foot position, (2) external foot rotation, (3) internal foot rotation. Medial and lateral hamstring EMG data was also collected simultaneously and used to calculate the medial–lateral hamstring activation ratio during the stance phase of the gait cycle. Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to compare foot rotation conditions within each group; while between group comparisons were performed in the normal rotation condition only using t-tests.
FINDINGS:
Those with knee osteoarthritis (OA) had an increased late stance knee adduction moment and a decreased medial–lateral hamstring activation ratio as compared to the healthy control group. Also, external foot rotation decreased the late stance knee adduc-tion moment, lateral–medial shear force, and hamstring activation ratio. However, internal foot rotation did not increase these measures.
INTERPRETATION:
Changes in foot position during gait have the ability to alter both the external loading of the knee joint and hamstring muscle activation patterns during gait. This may have implication in helping to unload the knee’s articular cartilage."
Gait analysis of patients with knee osteoarthritis highlights a pathological mechanical pathway and provides a basis for therapeutic interventions
"Gait analysis provides the critical information needed to understand the role of ambulatory biomechanics in OA development, and to design therapeutic interventions. Multidisciplinary research is necessary to relate the biomechanical alterations to the structural and biological components of OA."
"Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent form of arthritis in the elderly. It is estimated that 9% of men and 18% of women over age 65 have knee osteoarthritis[2]. Individuals with OA experience pain, stiffness, and decreased range of motion of the joints, which may significantly limit an individual's ability to rise from a chair, stand comfortably, walk, or climb stairs. The purpose of this study was to analyze the gait characteristics of subjects with knee osteoarthritis. We hypothesized that these patients will compensate to minimize joint loading and resultant pain."
Gait characteristics of patients with lateral knee osteoarthritis after
anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
"Lateral knee osteoarthritis (OA) is evident in more than 50% of individuals with post-traumatic knee OA after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Currently, little is known about the gait characteristics associated with this condition. Knowledge of biomechanics associated with the knee joint and secondary joints will improve our understanding of this condition, and assist in developing targeted interventions for this patient population. This study aimed to compare: i) knee kinematics and net joint moments; and (ii) trunk, pelvis, hip and ankle kinematics and net joint moments, in individuals with predominant lateral knee OA after ACLR and healthy controls."
Gait variability and motor control in patients with knee osteoarthritis as measured by the uncontrolled manifold technique
"Knee osteoarthritis (OA) causes pain, reduced muscular strength and stiffness of the affected joint. In response, the motor control mechanism is altered, potentially compromising stability during acts of daily living. Reduced walking stability can be quantified in terms of gait variability."
"Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common chronic musculoskeletal disease mainly affecting the medial compartment of the knee joint, causing knee pain, disability and reduced activity level. This reduction in activity level is associated with many health problems such as obesity, diabetes and heart disease. Knee loading, principally the external knee adduction moment (EKAM) has been found to be higher in individuals with Knee OA. Lateral wedge insoles (LWI) are designed to reduce this EKAM with the aim to have a clinical effect. Whereas, reductions in EKAM have been shown, there is a conflict in the clinical results regarding the reduction of knee pain. One of the reasons may be that the when participants are in the comparator insole they receive a placebo effect or the LWI group walk to their respective pain level (their activity profile has increased). However, given the importance of activity level in individuals with Knee OA, the aim of this studywas to determine the effect of LWI on EKAM, knee pain and level of physical of activity in one study following an intervention with a LWI, during walking."
Simulation of Subject-Specific Progression of Knee Osteoarthritis and
Comparison to Experimental Follow-up Data: Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative
"Economic costs of osteoarthritis (OA) are considerable. However, there are no clinical tools to predict the progression of OA or guide patients to a correct treatment for preventing OA. We tested the ability of our cartilage degeneration algorithm to predict the subject-specific development of OA and separate groups with different OA levels."