- A baseline of dynamic muscle function during gait An existing induced acceleration (IA) model was used to create a comprehensive baseline of dynamic muscle function. In this study, 20 control subjects were modelled as three-dimensional linkage systems. Muscle architecture was taken from an existing muscle model. Each subject-specific model was configured with gait data and 36 unit muscle forces were then applied one at a time to each linkage model. After muscle force application, all joint, segment, and centre of mass (COM) accelerations were derived.
- Accuracy of Hamstrings and Psoas Lengths Estimated with a Deformable Model The medial hamstrings and psoas muscles are often lengthened surgically in an effort to correct crouch gait in persons with cerebral palsy. At present, it is difficult to predict which patients will benefit from these procedures.
- Computer modeling of gait abnormalities in cerebral palsy: application to treatment planning The treatment of gait abnormalities in persons with cerebral palsy is challenging. Theoretically, gait abnormalities can be diminished by decreasing the muscle forces that disrupt normal movement (e.g. via muscle–tendon lengthenings or tone-altering medications) and/or increasing the muscle and ground reaction forces that have the potential to improve movement (e.g. via strengthening exercises, orthoses, or derotational osteotomies).
The purpose of this study was to determine if, and under what conditions, medial hamstrings and psoas lengths estimated with a "deformable" model of the lower extremity accurately characterize the lengths of the muscles in persons with crouch gait.
This paper describes how biomechanical models can be used, in combination with experimental data, to enhance our understanding of gait abnormalities and to provide a theoretical basis for planning treatments. Two examples are presented, and suggestions for future work are discussed.